A team of researchers at Dexeus Mujer, led by Dr Yannick Hurni, has identified a significant association between diffuse adenomyosis involving the inner myometrial layer and chronic endometritis in women with infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss or repeated implantation failure. The study, published in the scientific journal Reproductive BioMedicine Online (RBMO), investigates the potential relationship between these two conditions and provides new evidence on the possible role of endometrial inflammation in adenomyosis-associated reproductive dysfunction.

The research, a retrospective cohort study conducted at two hospitals between January 2023 and June 2025, included 332 women aged 18 to 45 who underwent 2D/3D transvaginal ultrasound, hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy. The results showed that 41.7% of women with diffuse inner myometrial adenomyosis had chronic endometritis, compared with 13.7% of those without adenomyosis. This association remained significant after adjusting for age, the presence of uterine fibroids, previous uterine surgery and parity (adjusted OR: 4.33; 95% CI: 2.16–8.70).

These findings support the hypothesis that endometrial inflammation may represent a relevant biological component of adenomyosis-associated reproductive dysfunction and warrant further research into its pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical implications.